![]() Charles Singleton's translation of the Divine Comedy (1975) is regarded as a prose translation. A literal translation of poetry may be in prose rather than verse, but also be error free. There is, however, a great deal of difference between a literal translation of a poetic work and a prose translation. Literal translation can also denote a translation that represents the precise meaning of the original text but does not attempt to convey its style, beauty, or poetry. Similarly, Richard Pevear worked from literal translations provided by his wife, Larissa Volokhonsky, in their translations of several Russian novels. For example, Robert Pinsky is reported to have used a literal translation in preparing his translation of Dante's Inferno (1994), as he does not know Italian. Word-for-word translations ("cribs," "ponies" or "trots") are sometimes prepared for a writer who is translating a work written in a language they do not know. The term "literal translation" often appeared in the titles of 19th-century English translations of classical, Bible and other texts. The term as used in translation studies Usage Literal translation leads to mistranslation of idioms, which was once a serious problem for machine translation. In translation theory, another term for "literal translation" is metaphrase (as opposed to paraphrase for an analogous translation). Literal translation, direct translation or word-for-word translation, is a translation of a text done by translating each word separately, without looking at how the words are used together in a phrase or sentence. ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) ( September 2007) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Soon we’ll be integrating new innovations in watermarking into our latest generative models to also help with the challenge of misinformation.This article possibly contains original research. So we built the service with guardrails to prevent misuse, and we make it accessible only to authorized partners. “But there’s an inherent tension here: Some of the same underlying technology could be misused by bad actors to create deepfakes. “This is an enormous step forward for learning comprehension, and we’re seeing promising results in course completion rates,” Manyika said. ![]() Yet the benefits - for example, making an online course available in 20 languages without subtitles or re-recording - are undeniable. But clearly it can’t just be released widely for anyone to use with no restrictions. Manyika called this a “tension between boldness and safety,” and striking a balance can be difficult. Neither is Universal Translator - yet - but if it is ever to be so, Google needs to reckon with the possibility of it being used to create disinformation or other unforeseen hazards. (The demo was impressive, but it must be said the tech still has a way to go.)īut those tools are professional ones being made available in a strict media workflow, not a checkbox on a YouTube upload page. There are actually companies that do this kind of thing right now in the media world, redubbing lines in post-production for any of a dozen reasons. So it’s basically a deepfake generator, right? Yes, but the technology that’s used for malicious purposes elsewhere has genuine utility. The “experimental” service takes an input video, in this case a lecture from an online course originally recorded in English, transcribes the speech, translates it, regenerates the speech (matching style and tone) in that language and then edits the video so that the speaker’s lips more closely match the new audio. It was offered as an example of something only recently made possible by advances in AI, but simultaneously presenting serious risks that have to be reckoned with from the start. “Universal Translator” was shown off at Google I/O during a presentation by James Manyika, who heads up the company’s new “Technology and Society” department. It could be very useful for a lot of reasons, but the company was upfront about the possibility of abuse and the steps taken to prevent it. Google is testing a powerful new translation service that redubs video in a new language while also synchronizing the speaker’s lips with words they never spoke.
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